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Virtual City Model

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  • LCA 23/24
    • Group A
      • Integration Context
        • Highway pavement
        • Multi-Story Building
        • Social Housing Building
      • Life-Cycle Analysis
      • Maintenance Planning
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group B
      • Integration Context
        • Transversal Beam – Multipurpose Sports Hall
        • Pavement – Road
        • Exterior Wall – Multi-Family House
        • Window – Timber Room Module
        • Interior Wall – Educational Building
        • HVAC System – Hotel
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi Objective Optimization
    • Group C
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Multi Story Building
        • Office Building
        • Railway
        • Road
        • Timber Framed Residential Houses
        • Community Multi-Purpose Building
      • Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group D
      • Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Bamboo Walls
        • Floor System
        • RC Columns
        • Road Pavement System
        • Tunnel System
      • Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • Life Cycle Inventory
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
      • Conclusion
    • Group E
      • Individual Systems
        • HVAC System
        • Offshore Wind Turbine
        • Pavement
        • Reinforced Concrete Column
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Maitenance Strategies
      • Multi Objective Optimization
    • Group F
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context of the System
        • Pipeline Mixer
        • Pavement
        • Pool (Reservoir)
        • Retaining Wall
        • Cut Off Wall
        • Concrete Beam
      • Maintenance Planning
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group G
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Bored piling system
        • Frame Structure Building – Beam
        • Private concrete villa – Concrete Slab
        • Railway System
        • Steel structured factory – Roof purlins
      • 3. Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • 4. Life Cycle Analysis
      • 5. Multi-Objective Optimization
  • LCA 24/25
    • Group A
      • 1. Integration Context
        • Highway Pavement System(Pavement)
        • Stormwater Drainage(Pipes)
        • Wastewater Treatment / Sludge Digester
      • 2. Maintenance Strategies
      • 3. Life Cycle Analysis
      • 4. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group B
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context
        • Multi-story-RC-Residential Building
        • One-story-RC-Residential Building – Slab
      • 3. Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • 4. Life Cycle Inventory and Analysis of Integrated Civil Systems
      • 5. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group C
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context
      • 3. Individual Systems in the Integration Context
        • 3a. Offshore Structure
        • 3b. Wind Turbine
        • 3c. Breakwater
      • 4. Integrated Maintenance Strategy
      • 5. Life Cycle Analysis
      • 6. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group D
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Office Building (Reinforced Concrete)
        • Residential Building (Steel)
        • Student Dormitory (Timber)
      • 3. Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • 4. Life-Cycle Analysis
      • 5. Multi-Objective Optimization
      • 6. Engineering Reflections and Recomendations
    • Group E
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context of Civil Systems
        • Steel Liquid Storage Tank
        • Water Distribution Network
        • Dam
        • Primary Sedimentation Tank/Wastewater Treatment
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group F
      • System Integration
        • Road Tunnel
        • Sewer Network
        • Warehouse
      • Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • Combined Life Cycle Assessment Analysis
      • Multi-Objective-Optimization
      • Coding Challenge
      • Conclusion & Future Work
    • Group G
      • 1.Introduction
      • 2.Integration Context
        • System 1: Concrete Building – Concrete Slab Maintenance
        • System 2: High-Rise Building – Slab and Façade Maintenance
        • System 3: Building Facilities – Rooftop of Water Tank
        • System 4: Residential Building – Rooftop Maintenance
      • 3. Integrated Maintenance Strategies
      • 4.Life Cycle Inventory and Data Analysis
      • 5.Multi-Objective Optimization
      • 6. Conclusion
    • Group H
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Office Building – Columns
        • Office Building – Facade
        • Road
      • 3. Maintenance Strategies
      • 4. Life Cycle Analysis
      • 5. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group I
      • 1. Introduction.
      • 2. Individual Civil Systems.
        • 1. Residential Building (Columns).
        • 2.District Heating Systems with Pipes and Heat Sources
      • 3. Integration Of Systems.
      • 4. Integrated Maintenance Strategies.
      • 5. Life Cycle Analysis.
      • 6. Multi-Objective Optimization.
  • LCA 25/26
    • Group A
      • Introduction
      • Integrated System
        • Building
        • Offshore Wind Turbine I with Gravity-based Foundation (OWT 1)
        • Offshore Wind Turbine II with Jacket-based Foundation (OWT 2)
        • Parking Deck
        • Raft Mat Foundation
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Life Cycle Analysis & Inventory
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
      • Conclusion and Limitations
    • Group B
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context
        • Boiler
        • concrete stairs
        • floor
        • Partition Wall
        • Railway bridge
      • 3. Maintenance Strategies
      • 4. Life-cycle Analysis
      • 5. Multi-Objective Optimizatin
      • 6. References
    • Group C
      • System Definition & Integration Context
      • Integration Scenario 1
        • Maintenance Parameter 1
        • Results Analysis 1
          • Optimum Maintenance Strategy 1
          • LCA & Multi-Objective Analysis 1
      • Integration Scenario 2
        • Maintenance Parameter 2
        • Results Analysis 2
          • Optimum Maintenance Strategy 2
          • LCA & Multi-Objective Analysis 2
      • Integration Scenario 3
        • Maintenance Parameter 3
        • Results Analysis 3
          • Optimum Maintenance Strategy 3
          • LCA & Multi-Objective Analysis 3
      • Integration Scenario 4
        • Maintenance Parameter 4
        • Results Analysis 4
          • Optimum Maintenance Strategy 4
          • LCA & Multi-Objective Analysis 4
      • Discussion & Conclusion
      • Appendix
    • Group D
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context
        • Concrete Sidewalk
        • Multi-Story Parking Structure
        • Nuclear Containment Plant
        • Tunnel Lining
      • Maintenance Strategies
        • Automated Optimization of Maintenance Planning Strategies
        • Extension of the Most Recurrent Maintenance Interval
        • Harmonization of Surface Repair Intervals Across Subsystems
        • Independent System Planning
        • Minimum-Interval Synchronization of All Maintenance Interventions
        • Reduction of the Most Recurrent Maintenance Interval
      • LifeCycle Analysis
      • Multi-Objective Optimization – Conclusion
      • References
    • Group E
      • Introduction
      • Integrated Residential–Industrial Infrastructure System
        • Gravity Sewer Pipeline
        • RCC Tank
        • Residential Home Foundation
        • Roads
        • Steel warehouse structure
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group F
      • 1.Introduction
      • 2.Individual Systems
        • Curved Highway Pavement
        • Drinking Water Distribution Mains
        • Smart Stormwater Manhole Management System
        • Smart-City DN300 Pipeline
        • Water Supply System
      • 3.Integration Context
      • 4.Integrated Maintenance
      • 5. Life-Cycle Analysis
      • 6. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group G
      • Individual Systems
        • Climate Responsive Asphalt Pavement System (CRAPS)
        • Highway Pavement System
        • Road Slab System
        • Urban Asphalt Pavement System
        • Urban Road System
      • Integration Context
      • Maintenance Planning
      • Maintenance Timelines
      • Scenarios Exploration
      • Sustainability Assessment (LCA)
      • System (Multi-Objective) Optimization
    • Group H
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Integration Context
      • 3. Maintenance Planning
      • 4. Life-Cycle Analysis
      • 5. Objective Optimization
      • 6. Conclusion
  • LCA WS 22/23
    • Group A
      • 1. Integration Context
        • Central Heating System
        • Concrete Retaining Wall
        • Hydropower Dam (Barrier structure)
        • Offshore Wind Turbine
        • PV-System
      • 2. Maintenance Planning
      • 3. Life Cycle Analysis
      • 4. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group B
      • R code ( Group B)
      • Integration Context
        • Residential Apartment Building
        • Steel Bridge
        • Subway System
        • Water Distribution System
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi-Object Optimization
    • Group C
      • #11823 (no title)
      • Individual Systems
        • Bridge
        • Railway Track
        • Water Pipeline
      • Life Cycle Analysis and Inventory
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
      • Scope & Integration Context of the Civil Systems
    • Group D
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Cultural Heritage Structure
        • High-Rise Building
        • Kindergarden
        • Timber Bridge Railing System
        • Water Distribution Network
      • Maintenance Strategies
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group E
      • Integration Context of the Civil Systems
        • Steel Bridge
        • Timber Bridge
        • Airport Pavement
        • Multistorey Building
        • PV-Panels
      • Maintenance Strategy
      • LCA
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group F
      • 1. Integration context of the civil systems
        • Earth Rock Dam
        • Highway Bridge
        • Pavement Overlay System
        • Road Pavement
        • Wooden Bridge
      • 2. Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • 3. Life Cycle Inventory and Analysis
      • 4. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group G
      • 1. Individual Systems
        • Apartment Building
        • Building Facade
        • Community Buildings (Hotel)
        • Flexible Pavement
        • School Buildings
      • 2. Integrated Context
      • 3. Integrated Maintenance Planning
      • 4. Integrated Life Cycle Inventory & Analysis
      • 5. Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Group H
      • Individual Systems
        • High-Rise Building
        • Steel Bridge
        • Road Pavement
        • Roof Terrace
      • Integration Context
      • Integrated maintenance Planning
      • Life Cycle Inventory
      • Multi-Objective Optimization
  • Previous years
    • LCA
      • LCA WS19/20
        • Group1
          • Integration Context of the Systems
            • Heating System
            • Multi-Storey Car Park
            • Wind Turbine
          • Multi Objective Optimization
          • Decision Making AHP
          • Maintenance Strategies
        • Group2
          • 1 Integration Context of the Systems
            • 1.1 Runway designs for airports
            • 1.2 Hangar
            • 1.3 Bottom plate
          • 2 Maintenance Strategies
          • 3 Life Cycle Analysis
          • 4 Multi Objective Optimization
        • Group3
          • Integration Context of the System: INNOVATION.4.REWAS
            • 1. Domains
              • 1. Dam
              • 2. Offshore wind turbines
              • 3. Seawater Reverse Osmosis Plant
              • 4. Tunnel
            • 2. Integrated maintenance planning strategies
            • 3. Life Cycle Analysis
            • 4. Multi objective optimization
      • LCA WS20/21
        • Group 1
          • Integration Context
            • Nuclear power plant
            • Offshore wind farm
            • Railway power supply system
            • Steel railway truss bridge
            • Vertical lift Bridge
          • Maintenance Strategies
          • Life Cycle Analysis
          • Multi Objective Optimization
        • Group 2
          • Integration Context of the Civil Systems
            • Concrete gravity dam
            • Drainage Pipe
            • Tunnel
            • Water Pipe
          • Maintenance Strategies
          • Life Cycle Analysis
          • Multi objective optimization
        • Group 3
          • Integration context
            • Elevator
            • Climate Envelope
            • External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems
            • Wet sprinkler systems with an up-feed water supply
            • Development of integration context
            • Interfaces between civil systems
          • Goal and scope
          • Integrated maintenance planning
            • Individual systems maintenance strategies
            • Bundled maintenance strategy
            • Exploration of multiple maintenance scenarios
          • Integrated life-cycle analysis
            • Design parameters
            • Cost
            • Integrated life-cycle inventory
            • Life-cycle analysis results
          • Integrated maintenance plan by multi-objective optimization
            • Genetic algorithm NSGA-II
            • Application of the NSGA-II
            • Optimization results
        • Group 4
          • 1. Integration Context
            • 1.1 Wooden Frame
            • 1.2 Xpelair
            • 1.3 Stellio
            • 1.4 Isolated Footing
          • 2. Maintenance Strategy
            • 2.1 Maintenance Strategy of Individual Systems
            • 2.2 Integrated Maintenance Strategy
          • 3. Life-Cycle Inventory Analysis
            • Example of Integration Factor
          • 4. Multi-Objective Optimization
          • 5. Interpretations and Decision making
        • Group 5
          • Integration Context
            • Cable-stayed bridge
            • Highway tunnel
            • Multi-lane highway bridge
            • Prestressed concrete viaduct
            • Road (motorway)
          • Goal and Scope
          • Maintenance Strategies
          • Life Cycle Analysis
          • Multi-Objective Optimization
      • LCA WS21/22
        • Group A
          • 1. Integration context of the civil systems
            • A Column and Slab Concrete of a building
            • Fiber Optic Cable
            • Playground area
            • Sump Pits Construction
          • 2.Project Scope
          • 3.Maintenance Strategies
          • 4.Life Cycle Analysis
          • 5.Multi-Objective Optimization
        • Group B
          • Integration Context
            • 1. Cable Car
            • 2. Bridge Substructure
            • 3. Railway Track
            • 4. Retaining Wall
          • Integrated Maintenance Planning
          • Life Cycle Analysis
          • Multi-object Optimization
        • Group C
          • 1. Individual Civil Systems
            • a. Transmission Tower
            • b. Offshore Piles
            • c. Mooring Lines
            • d. Offshore Wind Turbine.
          • 2. Floating City Integration
          • 3. Integrated Maintenance Planning
          • 4. Life Cycle Analysis
          • 5. Multi-objective Optimization
        • Group E
          • 1. Individual Systems
            • Fire Station Building
            • Flexible Pavement
            • Rigid Pavement
            • Suspended Pedestrian Foot Bridge
          • 2. Integrated Context
          • 3. Integrated Maintenance Planning
          • 4. Life Cycle Inventory & Analysis
          • 5. Multi-Objective Optimization
        • Group F
          • 1. Integration Context of the Civil System
            • a. Arch Dam
            • b. Dam
            • c. Foot and Cycle Path Bridge
          • 2. Integrated Maintenance Planning
          • 3. Life Cycle Inventory and Analysis
          • 4. Multi-Objective Optimization
        • Group G: Tunnel Followed by Bridge
          • 1.Integration Context of the Civil System
            • Bridge System
            • LCI Materials
            • R file
            • Tunnel System
          • 2.Integrated Maintenance Planning
          • 3.Life Cycle Inventory and Analysis
          • 4.Multi-Objective Optimization
        • Local Transport Network
          • Bicycle Underpass
          • Integrated Engineering Products
          • Life Cycle Inventory
          • Maintenance Planning
          • Multi-Objective Optimization
          • Tram Track
          • Tunnel
      • Life-Cycle WS18/19
        • Integrated Engineering Products and Systems
          • Drinking Water Supply System
          • Multi Story Car Park
          • Single Family House
          • System: Dam
          • Tunnel
        • Maintenance Strategies
        • Life cycle inventory and analysis of integrated civil systems
        • Multi-Objective Optimization
    • Product Modeling
      • Product Modeling WS18/19
        • City integration
          • Combined ontology
          • Combined parametric model
          • Diaphragm walls
          • Floor slabs
          • One floor of an apartment building
          • Single-family home
        • Cycling Infrastructure
          • Initial Models
            • Bikes Bridge
            • Cycling Infrastructure
            • Fast Cycling Route
            • Tunnel
          • Integrated Ontologies
            • Initial Ontologies
          • Combined Paramatric Model
        • South Harmon Institute of Technology S.H.I.T.
          • Combined Model: Parametric Model
            • Parametric Model Version-1
            • Parametric Model Version-2
          • Combined Model: Ontology
          • The initial states/ Individual model
            • Bus Station
            • Nightclub
            • Public Dustbin
            • University Campus
        • Sport Park
          • Car Park
          • Race Track
          • Sports Stadium
          • Tennis Hall
          • The Hand
      • Product Modeling WS19/20
        • Group1
          • Initial Civil Systems
            • Underground Parking Ramp
            • Elevator
            • Multi-Storey Building
            • External Building Wall
          • Final Integrated Civil System
            • Final System
            • Integration of the Ontologies
            • Final System Alternatives
        • Group2
          • Initial Civil Systems
            • Academic library
            • Opera house/theater
            • Roller coaster
          • Integrated Civil Systems (Culture Park)
            • Combined Civil Models
            • Combined Ontologies
        • Group3
          • Combining the Ontology Models
          • Individual Models
            • Bridge
            • Composite Girder
            • Single Family House
          • Integrating the Parametric Models
        • Group4
          • 1. Integrated context of an urban System
            • 1.1 Airplane Hangar
            • 1.2 Airport Runway
            • 1.3 Tunnel
          • 2. Combined Ontology
          • 3. Combined Parametric Model
          • 4. Generative Design
      • SE Model WS20/21
        • Group 1
          • Initial Civil Systems
            • Building Automation System (BAS)
            • Office Building
            • Suspended Drywall Ceiling
          • Integrated Civil System (Office Building)
            • Combined Ontology
            • Combined Parametric Model
            • Integration Process
        • Group 2
          • 1. Initial Civil Systems
            • 1.1. Train Station
            • 1.2. Aircraft Hangar
          • 2. Airport System – Train Station and Aircraft Hangar
            • 2.1. Context & Combined Ontology
            • 2.2. Combined Parametric Models & Evaluation
        • Group 3
          • Initial Civil Systems
            • Amphibious house
            • Concrete gravity dam
            • Oscillating water column
              • OWC Ontology
              • OWC Parametric Modelling
            • Tunnel
          • Integrated Civil System – Renewable Energy Park
            • Combined Ontology of Renewable Energy Park
            • Combined Parametric Model of Renewable Energy Park
              • Integration Challenges
        • Group 4
          • Initial Civil Systems
            • Building Energy Performance System
            • Building Structure Design
            • Highrise Building
            • Scaffolding
          • Integrated Civil System (Renovation)
            • Inegrated Parametric Model
              • Design options
              • Integration Process
            • Integrated Ontology Model
              • Implementation of the combined ontology
              • Integrated ontology description
              • Theoretical ontology integration approaches
            • Integration context
        • Group 5
          • Event Hall
          • Low-Rise Residential Building
          • Decentralised Ventilation System
          • Integrated parametric model
          • Combined Ontologies
        • Group 6
          • Individual Systems
            • High School Gymnasium
              • High School Gymnasium: Ontology
              • High School Gymnasium: Parametric Model
            • Restaurant
              • Restaurant: Ontology
              • Restaurant: Parametric Model
            • Single Story House
              • Single Story House: Ontology
              • Single Story House: Parametric Model
            • Student Residence Building
              • Student Residence Building: Ontology
              • Student Residence Building: Parametric Model
          • Integrated System: Sports Complex
            • Integrated Ontology: Sports Complex Ontology
            • Integrated Parametric Model: Sports Complex
          • Downloads
        • Group 7
          • 1 Introduction
            • 1.1 Introduction to the Project
            • 1.2 Project Goals and Challenges
          • 2 Individual Systems
            • 2.1 Warehouse
            • 2.2 Factory
            • 2.3 Main Pipe
            • 2.4 Photovoltaic Power Plant
          • 3 Integrated System
            • 3.1 Integrated System Concept
            • 3.2 Combined Ontology
            • 3.3 Integrated Parametric Model
              • 3.3.1 Description of the Modeling
              • 3.3.2 Design Alternatives
          • 4 Evaluation
            • 4.1 Dealing with the Challenges
            • 4.2 Evaluation of the individual High-Performance Criteria
            • 4.3 Evaluation of integrated High-Performance Criteria
        • Group 8
          • 1. Individual Civil Systems
            • 1.1 Vertical Lift Bridge
            • 1.2 Onshore Wind Turbine
            • 1.3 Prestressed Concrete Viaduct
          • 2. Integrated Civil System
            • 2.1 Integrated Ontology
            • 2.2 Integrated Model
      • SE Model WS21/22
        • Group A
          • Initial Civil Systems
            • Building
              • Building: Ontology
              • Building: Parametric modeling
            • Curtain Wall
              • Water Flow Glazing Façade Systems: Ontological Modelling
              • Water Flow Glazing Façade Systems: Parametric Modelling
            • Detached Garage
              • Detached Garage: Ontological Modelling
              • Detached Garage: Parametric Modelling
            • Retaining Walls
            • Timber Formwork
              • Timber Formwork: Ontological Modeling
              • Timber Formwork: Parametric Model
          • Integrated Civil System
            • Office building: Combined Ontological Modeling
            • Office Building: Combined Parametric Model
        • Group B
        • Group C
        • Group D
        • Group E
          • Integration Context
            • Double Layer Concrete Frame Structure
            • Factory Steel Structure.
            • Foundations
            • Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure
          • Ontology (Combined)
          • Parametric Model (Combined)
          • Problems Faced & Conclusions
        • Group F
          • Integration Context
            • Solar Updraft Tower
            • Transmission Tower
            • Solar Power Tower Plant
          • Combined Ontology
            • Development of the Combined Ontology
            • Results of Combined Ontology
          • Combined Parametric Model
            • Development of Parametric Model
            • Results of Parametric Model
        • Group G
          • Integration Context
            • Airport Runaway
            • Cable Car
            • Stadiums (Elliptical and Circular)
          • Combined Ontology
          • Combined Parametric Model
        • Group I
          • 1. Individual Civil Systems
            • A. Floating Solar Photovoltaic Park
            • B. Dam
            • C. Offshore Wind Turbine
            • D. Substation
          • 2. Integration Narrative
          • 3. Integrated Ontology
          • 4. Parametric Modelling
        • Tramway Infrastructure
          • Footbridge
          • Integration of Parametric Models
          • Ontology Combination
          • Retaining Wall System
          • Steel Bridge
          • Traffic Dam
          • Tram Track
      • Class WS16/17
        • Renewable Energy Park
          • Renewable Energy Park Ontology
          • Renewable Energy Park Parametric Model
            • Implementation Parametric Model
              • Implementation Curvy Road
              • Implementation River & Dam
              • Implementation Sun & Wind Zones
              • Implementation Tunnel & Dam
              • Implementation Combination
            • Environmental Scenarios
              • Semiarid Climate Zone
              • Temperate Climate Zone
              • Continental Climate Zone
        • Inner City Hospital
          • Health Resort
          • Metropolis Hospital
          • Single Models
            • Green Rooftop
            • Hospital
            • Supermarket
            • Waste Water Plant
    • Group WS17/18
      • Class MCES: Residential School with Focus on Competitive and Therapeutic Riding
        • The Initial State
          • Bike Sharing System
          • Hospital
          • Riding Hall
          • School
        • Total Model: Ontology
        • Total Model: Parametric Model
      • LCA Class: Integrated Ecofriendly Energy Solutions for Bonaire Island
        • Integrated Engineering Systems
          • Sewer System
          • Solar rooftops
          • Wind turbines
        • Maintenance Strategies
          • LC Inventory & Analysis
          • Timelines
        • Multi-Objective Optimization for Bonaire Island
  • SE Model 22/23
    • Group A
      • Initial Civil Systems
        • Cantilever Retaining Wall
        • Residential Buildings
        • Retaining Wall
        • Site Tent
        • Wall & Foundations
      • Ontology (Combined)
      • Parametric Model (Combined)
    • Group B
    • Group C
      • Integrated firestation
        • Design options
        • Engineering challenge and concept: firestation
        • Ontology
        • Parametric model
      • Single systems
        • Firestation
          • Ontology
          • Parametric model
        • Pipeline
          • Ontology
          • Parametric model
        • Railway
          • Ontology
          • Parametric model
        • Road
          • Ontology
          • Parametric model
    • Group D
      • Combined System_Sustainable Infrastructure System
        • Combined System Parametric Modeling
        • Combined System_Ontology
      • IndividualSystems
        • Bridge
          • Bridge-Ontology
          • Bridge-Parametric Modeling
        • RC School Building
          • RC School Building – Model (Parametric)
          • RC School Building – Ontology
        • Residential Building
          • Ontology (Residential building )
          • Parametric model (Residential building)
        • Wastewater Treatment Plant
          • Wastewater Treatment Plant: Concept & Ontology
          • Wastewater Treatment Plant: Parametric Model
    • Group E
      • Individual Systems
        • Facade
          • Prefabricated Facade Panel: Ontological Modelling
          • Prefabricated Facade Panel: Parametric Modelling
        • High-Rise Building
          • High-Rise Building 1: Ontological Modelling
          • High-Rise Building 1: Parametric Modelling
          • High-Rise Building 2: Ontological Modelling
          • High-Rise Building 2: Parametric Modelling
        • Stadium
          • Stadium: Ontological Modelling
          • Stadium: Parametric Modelling
      • Integrated Systems
        • Sports Facility Center: Combined Ontological Modelling
        • Sports Facility Center: Combined Parametric Modelling
    • Group F
      • Individual Systems
        • Excavation Support System
          • Excavation Support System: Ontology
          • Excavation Support System: Parametric Model
        • Reinforced Concrete Structure
          • Reinforce Concrete Structure: Ontology
          • Reinforced Concrete Structure: Parametric Model
        • Stadium
          • Stadium: Ontology
          • Stadium: Parametric Model
        • Underground Metro Station
          • Underground Metro Station: Ontology
          • Underground Metro Station: Parametric Model
      • Integrated System
        • Integrated System: Ontology
        • Integrated System: Parametric Model
    • Group G
      • Initial Civil Systems
        • Aquifer
        • Forest Tower
        • Retaining Wall
        • Runway Pavement
      • Integrated Civil System
        • Combined Ontology
        • Combined Parametric Model
      • Downloads
    • Group H
      • Individual Systems
        • Break Water
        • Arch Bridge
        • Highway Pavement
        • Steel Bridge
      • Integration Context
      • Combined Ontology
      • Integrated Parametric Model
    • Group I
      • Downloadables & Individual Systems
      • Road System
      • Road System Ontology
      • Road System Parametric Model
  • SE Model 23/24
    • Group A
      • Introduction
      • Individual Systems
        • Bridge
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Frame Structure Building
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Retaining Wall
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Tiny House
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
      • Integration Context
      • Combined Ontology
      • Combined Parametric Model
    • Group B
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual systems
        • Dam
          • Dam: Ontology
          • Dam: Parametric Model
        • Efficient Residential Homes
          • Efficient Residential Homes: Ontology
          • Efficient Residential Homes: Parametric Model
        • Industrial Warehouse
          • Industrial Warehouse: Ontology
          • Industrial Warehouse: Parametric Model
        • RCC Structure
          • RCC Structure: Ontology
          • RCC Structure: Parametric Model
        • Steel Structured Factory
          • Steel Structured Factory: Ontology
          • Steel Structured Factory: Parametric Model
        • Warehouse
          • Warehouse: Ontology
          • Warehouse: Parametric Model
      • 3. Integration context
      • 4. Combined ontology
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
    • Group C
      • Introduction
      • Individual Systems
        • Multipurpose Sports Hall
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Observation Tower
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Offshore Wind Turbine
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Rigid Pavement
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Townhouse Villa
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
      • Integration Context
      • Combined Ontology
      • Combined Parametric Model
    • Group D
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • Framed Structural Engineering
          • Framed Structural Engineering: Ontology
          • Framed Structural Engineering: Parametric Model
        • Multi-Story Building
          • Multi-Story Building: Ontology
          • Multi-Story Building: Parametric Model
        • Office Building
          • Office Building: Ontology
          • Office Building: Parametric Model
        • Steel Bridge
          • Steel Bridge: Ontology
          • Steel Bridge: Parametric Model
        • Timber Room Module for Student Housing
          • Timber Room Module: Ontology
          • Timber Room Module: Parametric Model
        • Multi Story Building
          • Multi Story Building: Ontology
          • Multi Story Building: Parametric Model
      • 3. Integration Context
      • 4. Combined Ontology
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
    • Group E
      • Introduction
      • Subdomain Models
        • Multi-Story Building
        • Elevated Water Storage Tank
        • HVAC System
        • Dam
        • Social Housing Multi-Story Building
        • Fiber-Reinforced Concrete for Building Partition
      • Integration Context
      • Combined Ontology
      • Integrated Parametric Model
      • Contact Us
    • Group F
      • Combined Parametric Model
      • Ontology of the combined system
      • Subsystems
    • Group G
      • Individual Systems
        • Tunnel
        • Skyscraper
        • Building
        • Swimming Pool
        • Retaining Wall
      • Integrated System
        • Integrated Ontology
        • Integrated Parametric Modeling
      • Downloads
  • SE MODEL 24/25
    • Final Group Assignment- Group F
      • Table of contents
        • Group Members
          • Burhan ud Din
          • Lennard Janßen
          • Muhammad Usman
        • Individual Systems
          • Bridge
            • Ontology of Bridge
            • Parametric Model of Bridge
          • Tunnel Number 01
            • Ontology of Tunnel Number 01
            • Parametric Model of Tunnel Number 01
          • Tunnel Number 02
            • Ontology of Tunnel Number 02
            • Parametric Model of Tunnel Number 02
        • Integrated Engineering Context
        • Integrated ontology
        • Integrated Parametric Model
        • Introduction
    • Group A
      • 1. Individual Systems
        • Metro Station
        • Primary Sedimentation Tank
        • Railway Bridge
        • Roadway
        • Sludge Digester
      • 2. Integration Context
      • 3. Combined Ontology
      • 4. Combined Parametric Model
      • 5. Conclusions
    • Group B
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Sysyems
        • Energy-Efficient Residential Building
          • ERB Ontology
          • ERB Parametric Model
        • Shipping Container Building
          • SCB Ontology
          • SCB Parametric Model
        • Steel Frame Building
          • SFB Ontology
          • SFB Parametric Model
      • 3. Integrated Ontology
      • 4. Integrated Parametric Model
    • Group C
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • Flood Retention Basin
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Offshore Wind Turbine
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Rubble Mound Breakwater
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
      • 3. Integration Context
      • 4. Combined Ontology
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
    • Group D
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • 3-Story Apartment Building
          • 3-story Apartment Building for Repair and Maintenance: Ontology
          • Maximizing Usable Space and Cost Efficiency: A Parametric Approach to Residential Design in Berlin
        • Office Building
          • Office Building: Ontology
          • 1-Story Office Building: Parametric Model
        • One-story-RC-Residential Building
          • One-story-RC-Residential Building: Ontology
          • One-story-RC-Residential Building: Parametric Model
      • 3. Integration Context
      • 4. Combined Ontology for an Urban System
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
    • Group E
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • Industrial Warehouse
          • Industrial Warehouse Ontology
          • Industrial Warehouse Parametric Model
        • Steel Frame Industrial Warehouse
          • Steel Frame Industrial Warehouse Ontological Model
          • Steel Frame Industrial Warehouse Parametric Model
        • Vehicle Workshop
          • Vehicle Workshop Ontology
          • Vehicle Workshop Parametric Model
      • 3. Integration Context
      • 4. Combined Ontology for an Industrial Complex
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
    • Group G
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • Gymnasium Building
        • Office Building
        • Residential Building
      • 3. Integration Context
      • 4. Combined Ontology
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
      • 6. Conclusion& Engineering Reflections
    • Group H
      • 1. Introduction.
      • 2. Individual Systems.
        • Bridge 1
          • Ontology: Transport and Stakeholder Interaction for Bridge Projects
          • Parametric Model: Suspension Bridge
        • Bridge 2
          • Parametric Model of Suspension Bridge.
          • Suspension Bridge : Ontology
        • Residential Building
          • Ontology : RCC Components of Residential Building
          • Parametric Model : Residential Building Focused on Column.
      • 3. Integration Context.
      • 4. Combined Ontologies.
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model.
    • Group I
      • 1.Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • System 1: Residential Building
          • Ontology of the Residential Building
          • Parametric Design of the Residential Building
        • System 2: High-Rise Framed Tube Structure
          • Ontology of the High-Rise Framed Tube Structure
          • Parametric Design of the High-Rise Framed Tube Structure
        • System 3: High-Rise Building
          • Ontology of the High-Rise Building
          • Parametric Design of the High-Rise Building
        • System 4: Truss Bridge
          • Ontology of Repair and Maintenance of a Bridge
          • Parametric Design of the Bridge System
      • 3.Combined Ontology
      • 4.Combined Parametric Model
  • SE Model 25/26
    • Group A
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • Tiny House (Energy Management System)
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Hotel Building
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Restaurant Building
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Offshore Turbine Foundation
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
        • Offshore Wind Turbine
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Model
      • 3. Integrated Context
      • 4. Ontology Model
      • 5. Parametric Model
      • 6. Conclusion
    • Group B
      • 1. Introduction – Integrated Urban Mobility Corridor
      • Cable Stayed Pedestrian Bridge System
      • Conclusion
      • Curved Highway System
      • Flexible Pavement System
      • Group Members
      • Group Ontology (Urban Corridor System)
      • Integrated Parametric Model
      • Integration Challenge
      • Integration Context
      • Smart Pedestrian Bridge System
      • Urban Asphalt Pavement System
    • Group C
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context
      • Individual Systems
        • 5-Storey Residential RC Building System
        • Elevated RCC Water Tank
        • Road
        • Small-Scale Water Supply System
        • Water Distribution Pipeline System in Germany
      • Integrated Parametric Model
      • Integrated Ontology
      • Conclusion
    • Group D
      • Introduction
      • Subsystem Interface
      • Combined Ontology
      • Integrated Parametric Model
        • Model Parameter: Metro Station
        • Model Parameter: Station Box
        • Model Parameter: Tunnel
        • Model Parameter: Precast Concrete Facade System & External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS)
        • Model Parameter: Stormwater Vault
        • Results Analysis: Design Exploration
        • Results Analysis: Design Comparison
      • Discussion & Conclusion
    • Group E
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. Individual Systems
        • Adaptive Reuse of Historic Buildings
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Modeling
        • Green Roof System
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Modeling
        • Nuclear Containment Building
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Modeling
        • Perpetual Pavement system
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Modeling
        • Steel Truss Bridge
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Modeling
        • Truss System
          • Ontology
          • Parametric Modeling
      • 3. Integration Context
      • 4. Combined Ontology
      • 5. Combined Parametric Model
    • Group F
      • Introduction
      • Individual Systems
        • Multi-Story Parking Structure
          • Multi-Story Parking Structure Ontological Model
          • Multi-Story Parking Structure Parametric Model
        • Roof Structure
          • Roof Structure Ontological Model
          • Roof Structure Parametric Model
        • Composite Culvert
          • Composite Culvert Ontological Model
          • Composite Culvert Parametric Model
        • Solar Facade System
          • Solar Facade Ontological Model
          • Solar Facade Parametric Model
      • Integration Context
      • Combined Integrated Ontology
      • Combined Parametric Model
      • Analysis and Conclusions
      • References
    • Group G
      • INTRODUCTION
      • INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS
        • REINFORCED CONCRETE GRAVITY RETAINING WALL
        • RESIDENTIAL HOME FOUNDATION
        • ROOFTOP HELIPAD
        • SANITARY DRAINAGE NETWORK
      • INTEGARTION CONTEXT
      • COMBINED ONTOLOGY
      • COMBINED PARAMETRIC MODEL
        • HIGH PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 1
        • HIGH PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 2
    • Group H
      • Introduction
      • Integration Context
      • Individual Systems
        • Ontological Modeling
          • Glass Curtain Wall
          • Retaining Wall 1
          • Retaining Wall 2
          • Retaining Wall 3
          • Retaining Wall 4
        • Parametric Modelling
          • Glass Curtain Wall
          • Retaining Wall 1
          • Retaining Wall 2
          • Retaining Wall 3
          • Retaining Wall 4
      • Integrated Ontological Modelling
        • Ontology Concept and System Integration
        • Design Scenarios and Ontology Structure
      • Integrated Parametric Model
        • Scenario 1 – Baseline Design
        • Scenario 2 – Rainfall and Slope Controlled Design
        • Scenario 3 – Visitor and Heritage Controlled Design
      • Conclusion
  • Test Group A
  • Training
    • 1 test
      • Hallo
    • 1 test
    • 1st Child
    • 1st Child
    • 1st Child
    • 1st Child – Meer
      • Ontology
      • Retaining wall
    • 1st Child Test
    • 1st Child Test Group 1
    • 1st Child-H
    • 2nd child
    • G6-1st Child
    • test – Max
      • test – Max – 1
    • Test 1 group G
      • Individual systems
        • System 1
        • System 2
      • LCA
  • About
  • Getting Started
    • Combine Ontologies

Individual Systems

Climate Responsive Asphalt Pavement System (CRAPS)

Highway Pavement System 

Road Slab System

Urban Asphalt Pavement System

Urban Road System 

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