Results Analysis: Design Exploration

The model supports realistic metro station planning for configurations ranging from one to three metro lines as a base parameter. Building on this, the model allows customization through a set of interrelated design parameters, providing insight into both operational energy efficiency and capacity. In doing so, the model supports informed decision-making during the early stages of metro station design.

Scenario 1

Design Variable (Key Parameter)SettingMetricResults
Number of Metro Lines1Capacity
Station Box Length45.6 mPassenger Capacity1145 pax1
Station Box Depth-10 mPublic Using Area340 m2
Station Box Height9 mStormwater Vault Capacity2.083 m3/m2
Building Width23 m
U-Value Window1 W/(m2⋅K)Operational Energy Efficiency
U-Value Wall0.25 W/(m2⋅K)Average U-Value of Building Envelope0.56 W/(m2⋅K)
Public Window-to-Wall Ratio0.6Section Box Volume to Ventilate3872.12 m3
Private Window-to-Wall Ratio0.2Tunnel Volume to Ventilate50.26 m3/m
Stormwater Vault Width12

Scenario 1 is set in a recently renovated part of the city where there is a strong demand for public transport, but available space is limited due to existing buildings and established planning constraints. In this context, the model is used to explore a compact metro station configuration serving a single metro line. Planners are able to customize the size of the station box and the above-ground building within these spatial constraints, allowing the assessment of trade-offs between capacity, operational energy efficiency, and integration into the surrounding urban fabric.

Scenario 2

Design Variable (Key Parameter)SettingMetricResults
Number of Metro Lines2Capacity
Station Box Length57.8mPassenger Capacity4581 pax2
Station Box Depth-15 mPublic Using Area800 m2
Station Box Height9 mStormwater Vault Capacity4.167 m3/m2
Building Width26 m
U-Value Window1 W/(m2⋅K)Operational Energy Efficiency
U-Value Wall0.28 W/(m2⋅K)Average U-Value of Building Envelope0.61 W/(m2⋅K)
Public Window-to-Wall Ratio0.6Section Box Volume to Ventilate14310.65 m3
Private Window-to-Wall Ratio0.36Tunnel Volume to Ventilate50.26 m3/m
Stormwater Vault Width3.2 m

Scenario 2 is situated in an established inner-city area characterized by higher density and mixed-use development, where multiple public transport routes converge and passenger demand is higher. In this context, the model is used to explore a metro station configuration serving two metro lines, requiring increased platform capacity and expanded underground infrastructure. Planners can adjust the size of the station box and the above-ground building to accommodate higher passenger flows and additional vertical circulation, enabling the evaluation of trade-offs between increased capacity, operational energy demand, and the station’s role as an active urban node within its surrounding context.

Scenario 3

Design Variable (Key Parameter)SettingMetricResults
Number of Metro Lines3Capacity
Station Box Length45.6 mPassenger Capacity10226 pax3
Station Box Depth-18.1 mPublic Using Area1440 m2
Station Box Height10 mStormwater Vault Capacity4.000 m3/m2
Building Width30 m
U-Value Window1 W/(m2⋅K)Operational Energy Efficiency
U-Value Wall0.35 W/(m2⋅K)Average U-Value of Building Envelope0.72 W/(m2⋅K)
Public Window-to-Wall Ratio0.6Section Box Volume to Ventilate34515.30 m3
Private Window-to-Wall Ratio0.56Tunnel Volume to Ventilate50.26 m3/m
Stormwater Vault Width5 m

Scenario 3 is situated within a large-scale new urban development area that is planned as a major metropolitan interchange, where multiple metro lines intersect and the station is conceived as a primary transportation hub from the outset. In this context, the model is applied to explore a large metro station configuration serving three metro lines, requiring extensive underground infrastructure, increased platform capacity, and substantial vertical circulation systems. The above-ground building is designed at a larger scale to accommodate high passenger volumes as well as a significant concentration of commercial and social functions, supporting the role of the station as a catalyst for surrounding urban development.

Integrated Parametric ModelResults Analysis: Design Comparison
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