![\"31960139_1862286524068545_7744689950179721216_n\"](\"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/31960139_1862286524068545_7744689950179721216_n.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nFig: Overview of\u00a0a Dam<\/p>\n
An arch dam is a concrete dam with a plan that curves upstream. The arch dam is constructed so that the force of the water against it, known as hydrostatic pressure, forces against it, straightening the arch and strengthening the structure as it pushes into its base or abutments. External loadings fluctuate over time, and severe environments wreak havoc on arch dams’ physical qualities. Damage to such dams increases over time, and concrete disintegration is unavoidable. A model for modeling concrete degradation due to chemomechanical damage is proposed.\u00a0There are a number of causes of failure of a Dam.\u00a0One of the most common reasons for dam failure is excessive water intake caused by prolonged rains and flooding. Although most dams are built to withstand extreme weather, prolonged periods of rain and flooding can put undue strain on the construction, causing it to fail. The instability of the structure may not be recognized in soil research, which is another important cause of arch dam failure. Penstock vibration causes the structure to crack. The contraction joints’ grouting activity is insufficient, resulting in fissures in the structure.<\/p>\n
The dam is definitely a complex product to understand its working. There are several kinds of dams based on different functions. Through life cycle analysis we are able to determine and analyze the possibilities of failure as well as the timeline to maintain it.<\/p>\n
Fig: Schematics of\u00a0an Arch Dam<\/p>\n The engineering design challenges of the dam include\u00a0Stress and stability analysis of dam foundations under external loads, earthquake behavior of dam\u2013foundation\u2013reservoir systems, mechanical properties of mass concrete for dams, high-velocity flow, and energy dissipation for high dams, and technical problems of hydropower plants and underground structures. The ultimate aim to take the dam as a system was to classify failure possibilities, Maintenance possibilities and to give a clear idea of the working of the system. Through different analytical methods, we were able to achieve the objective to be met.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n I have taken 3 different options as given below:<\/p>\n For the value inputs, I took some values including the cross-sectional areas of the Concrete foundation as 67.45 m2, the cross-sectional area of Rockfill Foundation as 134.81 m2 and the cross-sectional area of the Earth fill foundation as 101.17 m2. Another input of values for different aspects of materials was also included. Some of these values are assumed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n The average life span of an Arch Dam is 100 years to 120 years. But the life cycle of a dam can be 100 years with regular maintenance and several inspections on time in order to prevent the damage.\u00a0In this case, there can be 3 event options with 3 design options including different interventions for maintenance (M) and seepage check (SC). As the subsystem selected was the foundation, the three options are taken were taken to find the life cycle time of concrete foundation, rockfill foundation and earth fill foundation.<\/p>\n Fig:\u00a0Timeline of Concrete Foundation<\/p>\n Fig: Timeline of Rockfill Foundation<\/p>\n Fig: Timeline of Earthfill Foundation<\/p>\n <\/p>\n All resources used to produce the product, such as energy, water, raw materials, and processed materials, as well as all substances released into the environment, such as pollutant emissions into the air, soil, and water, and losses resulting from the product’s production and consumption, are identified and quantified in a life cycle inventory analysis. Here we can analyze the emission of the carbon footprint of the selected sub-system with respect to different design options. Based on the analysis performed, it can be seen that when it comes to concrete foundation the emission of carbon is more than that of any design options. A significant rise in values can be found in rockfill and earth fill.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Fig:\u00a0Radar Plot of the performance indicators<\/p>\n The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a method for organizing and analyzing complex decisions, using math and psychology. AHP provides a rational framework for a needed decision by quantifying its criteria and alternative options, and for relating those elements to the overall goal. Here for each criterion, we define matrix with alternative length as values for 3 categories: CO2, NOx, and SO2.<\/p>\n Fig:\u00a0AHP result in a pie chart<\/p>\n <\/p>\n TOPSIS is a useful technique in dealing with multi-attribute or multi-criteria decision-making\u00a0problems in the real world. It compares a set of alternatives based on a pre-specified criterion. The method is used every time we need to make an analytical decision based on collected data. Here we define the weightage of all the criteria with minimum or maximum value, and with the positive ideal solution and negative ideal solution.<\/p>\n Fig:\u00a0TOPSIS result<\/p>\n 1.https:\/\/www.ukessays.com\/essays\/environmental-sciences\/a-life-cycleanalysis-of-a-dam-environmental-sciences-essay.php Author links open overlay panelVer\u00f3nicaCampos-Guzm\u00e1naM. SocorroGarc\u00eda-C\u00e1scalesaNievesEspinosabAntonioUrbinaa Introduction Fig: Overview of\u00a0a Dam An arch dam is a concrete dam with a plan that curves upstream. The arch dam is constructed so that the force of the water against it, known as hydrostaticContinue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":139,"featured_media":0,"parent":8887,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8889","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/139"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8889"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11032,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8889\/revisions\/11032"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8887"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<\/a><\/p>\nGoals<\/h2>\n
Materials and Design Options<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\nLife Cycle Time Line<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\nLife Cycle Inventory and Analysis<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\nAHP and TOPSIS<\/h2>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\nReferences<\/h2>\n
\n2. Life Cycle Analysis with Multi-Criteria Decision Making: A review of approaches for the sustainability evaluation of renewable energy technologies<\/p>\n
\n3. https:\/\/constructionheadline.com\/mix-rcc\/
\n4. The Analytic Hierarchy Process-What It Is And How It Is Used – R. W. Saaty<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"