{"id":12669,"date":"2023-02-11T11:37:35","date_gmt":"2023-02-11T11:37:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/?page_id=12669"},"modified":"2023-02-15T08:20:11","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T08:20:11","slug":"ontology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/?page_id=12669","title":{"rendered":"Excavation Support System: Ontology"},"content":{"rendered":"

Background<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Excavation support is a soil-retaining structure used in constructions that involve deep excavations, generally more than 3-4m of excavation height.\u00a0This structure is often temporarily constructed in top-down construction for safety purposes during the temporary stage.<\/p>\n

Ontology<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

The ontology has been independently developed with a top-down approach as shown in the figure below.<\/p>\n

\"soil-second-top-class\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Figure 1: Ontology top class<\/p>\n

The main categories are classified and contribute to the ontology as shown in the below table.<\/p>\n

\"soil-support-class\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Table 1: Categories and Classification of Excavation Soil Support System.<\/p>\n

For simplicity, only three design examples of shoring systems were considered, which are: \u201cSheet Piles\u201d, \u201cSoldier Piles\u201d and \u201cSoil Nailed Walls\u201d. Moreover, to illustrate the next stage of ontology development, the starting point for establishing relations began by experimenting with the ontology as a user, with the following criteria:<\/p>\n

\n

– Each support system has unique set of physical elements, which are classified according to their structural role (behavior); whether they act as a tieback, waler, lagging or a wall (primary member).<\/p>\n

– After including physical elements as \u2018instances\u2019 or \u2018individuals\u2019, each one is then given a material property from Material sub-classes. If support systems do not necessarily change with the change of material for a component (such as lagging), they are given more than one material property.<\/p>\n

– Finally, to each support system, the applicable soil conditions were given.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

The classification procedure of soldier piles exemplifies the ontology of one support system.<\/p>\n

\n

–\u00a0Data property assertions were given to soldier pile wall to differentiate between designs in terms of general application in practice as shown in below figure.<\/p>\n

\"soil-property-assertion\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Figure 2 Property assertion of Solidier Pile Wall<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Individuals representing the main components are created in the following table. Where each is given an object assertion to specify their material in addition to one data property assertion.<\/p>\n

\"soil-subclass\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Table 2: Components of Solider Pile Wall<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The final model represents the ontology in the below figure.<\/p>\n

\"excavation-ontologz\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Figure 3: Final Ontology<\/p>\n

Logical Axioms:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

The relations in the ontology used axioms are summarized in the below table.<\/p>\n

\"excavation-axioms\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Table 3: Summary of Axioms<\/p>\n

excavation-support-system<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0LITERATURE:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Zhang, Wen\u2019gang; Liu, Hanlong. \u201cDesign of deep excavation and earth retaining system under complex built environment\u201d. Chapter 1: Overview; p.5. [1]<\/p>\n

Barham J. Nareeman & Asmaa Abdulmajeed Mamhusseini. \u201cDesign and Construction of Deep Excavations\u201d. Eurasian Journal of Science & Engineering, June 2020, Vol.6, Issue 1.<\/p>\n

U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), 2015. \u201cSoil Nail Walls Reference Manual\u201d. Publication No. FHWA-NHI-14-007. FHWA GEC 007.<\/p>\n

Deep Excavation LLC. \u201cSupport Systems for Deep Excavation\u201d. [https:\/\/www.deepexcavation.com\/en\/resources\/excavations-support-systems]<\/p>\n

Michael Diez de Aus, 2016. \u201cHow Tiebacks, Rakers, Struts Support Shoring walls\u201d. [https:\/\/skyrisecities.com\/news\/2016\/12\/how-tiebacks-rakers-and-struts-support-shoring-walls].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Background Excavation support is a soil-retaining structure used in constructions that involve deep excavations, generally more than 3-4m of excavation height.\u00a0This structure is often temporarily constructed in top-down construction for safety purposes during the temporaryContinue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":153,"featured_media":0,"parent":11838,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12669","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/153"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12669"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12669\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15259,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12669\/revisions\/15259"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/141.23.68.248\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}